9mm Glock Models [Ultimate Guide]

For those of us who are into handguns and have not been living under a rock for the past 3 decades or so, the name Glock has come to be a household word in the shooting universe. People who may have never held a gun (let alone a Glock) recognize the name. It is estimated that 65% of U.S. police agencies use some form of Glock or another. It’s time for us to delve into everything you need to know about the Glock 9mm and its various models. We’ll look at:

The Glock story is quite remarkable, given that its designer had little experience with pistol design. Gaston Glock, who previously sold curtain rods and knives to the Austrian military, was well-versed in injection-molded parts. His team created the Model 17 to meet the Austrian military’s need for a new sidearm, thus launching a firearms legend. Interestingly, the “17” signifies the 17th patent granted to Glock’s corporation, and this numbering system is still in use today.

Love ‘Em Or Hate ‘Em

Shooters tend to either be Glock fans or detractors – with little room in between. I’m one of the rare individuals with a more neutral view of Gaston’s creation. I owned a Model 30 .45 ACP for a significant period and used an aftermarket barrel to accommodate my cast bullet handloads. It performed reliably without being particularly flashy. In a previous article, I compared Glocks to the Chevy Impala of the pistol world— a dependable, mid-priced option that’s popular among buyers for its reliability and solid design, without any extra flair.

Much like the Impala, the Glock serves its purpose in a practical manner. It performs its duties efficiently and, they tend to be very reliable. Additionally, its widespread use by police agencies speaks volumes about its reliability.

Let’s Get Specific – the best sellers

To narrow it down, let’s examine Glock’s top sellers. In Glock’s lineup, the 9mm is the dominant caliber. Of the over fifty pistol models Glock offers, the 9mm Model 19 stands out as the top seller. This compact pistol holds 15+1 rounds in a relatively small frame. Many people prefer this model because it strikes a great balance between concealability and capacity. If the Model 19 doesn’t suit your needs, there are still 19 other main 9mm Glock models to consider.

I put together a chart comparing specifications for the most popular models as well as an extended version comparing all twenty, for all you detail-oriented shooters. To be sure, some of these models are pretty scarce in gun shops as they tend to fulfill a very specific purpose (example: long-range competition, which the Model 34 excels at). Before diving into the chart’s numbers, let’s take a closer look at the most popular Glock 9mm models.

The Breakdown

In general, here is a quick, condensed listing of most of Glock’s models.

That’s the condensed list. Are you a numbers guy? Here is the extended version of all the 9mm Glocks available and you can click on the header to sort them (Table is best viewed on PC or Tablet):

Some Definitions, Please

Now, let’s delve into the individual models, but first, a brief explanation is in order. In the table above, you’ll notice “MOS” and “FS” after some models. MOS stands for Modular Optic System, indicating that Glock has modified the frame by milling a slot in front of the rear sight to accommodate a red dot or other optics mounting plate. This slot is covered with a filler when not in use.

FS means the guns include Front (slide) Serrations. Those pistols marked FS have serrations on the front part of the slide to aid in manipulating the slide, in addition to the standard rear serrations. Many shooters have requested that Glock include front serrations on all their new models. Currently, they have only incorporated this feature on the models marked FS.

Gen What? What’s The Difference?

To make this article as useful as possible for those considering a Glock purchase, it’s important to understand Glock’s generations. In Glock terminology, a “Generation” is similar to how other companies use terms like “Mod 2” or “2.0.” It signifies a major overhaul of features on their firearms. These changes, often referred to as upgrades, can include several smaller tweaks, a few significant updates, or a combination of both to qualify as the next generation.

Here’s a rundown from the original Glock (now known as Gen1) through to the most recent generation, Gen5.

Gen1 – Introduced in 1982

This is the original, no-frills Glock Model 17. It’s characterized by its minimal stippling or texturing on the frame and the absence of finger grooves. This is the Glock model that initially served the Austrian military, following their order for 25,000 pistols in 1983.

Here’s an interesting note: Alongside the Model 17, the Austrian military also received the Model 18—a variant with selective-fire capability that could shoot between 1100-1300 rounds per minute. Glock also offered a compensated version, the Model 18C. Being a machine pistol, the Model 18C was subject to the same regulations and fees as other machine guns, which many found out the hard way when attempting to purchase one.

Gen2 – Introduced in 1988

Gen3 – Introduced in 1998

In 2009, Glock introduced the Model 22 RTF2 (.40 S&W) with a rough, textured finish, fish-gill-shaped slide serrations, and new checkering around the grip. Other models that received the RTF2 treatment included the 31, 32, 23, 21, and 19, although not all of these models featured the fish-gill-shaped serrations.

Gen4 – Introduced at the SHOT Show, 2010

Gen5 – Introduced in August, 2017

OK…Got it? Now let’s look at some of the more common, readily-available models…

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The 9mm Glock lineup

Glock 17

Starting with the Model 17, we see a full-size frame and a longer barrel compared to the smaller models. This was the first Glock to achieve widespread recognition, largely due to its adoption by the Austrian military and some police units beginning in 1982. I recall when this gun debuted as the first “plastic pistol” to gain global attention (although the H&K VP70, introduced in 1970 for the German market, was technically the first polymer pistol).

There was significant concern among anti-gunners that this “plastic gun” would be undetectable by airport metal detectors, and some in the shooting community doubted its durability due to the plastic frame. However, neither of these concerns proved valid. Instead, the pistol’s reliability and innovative design won it favor with both military and police units, as well as civilians. The Model 17 is remarkably simple, with an average of only 35 parts. My brother owns a Gen 4 Model 17 and is very pleased with it. I’ve shot it myself and was impressed. Due to its size, the Model 17 isn’t ideal for concealed carry; it’s better suited for use in a police officer’s Level 3 Retention holster or in a tactical rig for a military SOE operative.

Variations

The Model 17 is available in Gen 3, 4, and 5 versions, so you can choose the generation that suits your preferences, whether you like finger grooves or not. If you need a competition gun, consider the Gen4 or Gen5 MOS models and attach a red-dot sight. For a straightforward, all-purpose shooter, a Gen3 might be a great choice, especially if you can still find one and want to save some money. As mentioned earlier, the Model 17 was the one that started it all.

Model 19

Now, let’s turn our attention to a compact 9mm. The Model 19, being Glock’s best-selling model, has garnered a loyal following. Additionally, the aftermarket parts industry has a vast selection of accessories available for the Model 19, likely more than for any other Glock. With its 4-inch barrel, slim 1.25-inch width, and 15-round magazine, the Model 19 is nearly ideal for both IWB and OWB concealed carry. As previously discussed, this pistol is often considered the benchmark for compact 9mms.

Many people I know carry a Model 19 and are very satisfied with it. It’s no surprise that Glock chose to release both the Model 17 and Model 19 first in their Gen5 configuration— the Model 17 due to its law enforcement popularity, and the Model 19 for its status as the top-selling Glock.

However…

The Gen5 Model 19 was generally well-received, though there has been some criticism regarding the cutout at the front bottom of the frame. Some shooters have reported that this cutout causes discomfort because it sits where the heel and palm of their hand meet the frame, with the sharp edge being the main issue. This problem does not seem to affect the Model 17, likely due to its longer grip frame. Thankfully, Glock has addressed this concern in the new Model 45 (discussed below).

Variations

Similar to the Model 17, the Model 19 comes in several variations to suit different needs. For competitors who require a red dot sight, the MOS models are the best choice. These models also feature forward slide serrations for added functionality.

Alongside the Gen3, 4, and 5 Model 19s, the relatively new 19X is also available. This model is worth discussing in detail, so we’ll cover it next. You can also check out my comprehensive Glock 19X review.

Glock 19X

To start, it’s essential to understand what the Glock 19X is. It’s a G19 slide mounted on a G17 frame. Shorter barrels and longer frames are the current trends in weapons. That is precisely what the Glock 19x is all about. What’s the advantage of that? It provides a well-balanced and The advantage of this configuration is that it offers a well-balanced and easy-to-control shooting experience. Glock claims that the redesigned Marksman barrel, along with modifications to the handgun’s exterior frame, enhances accuracy, durability, efficiency, grip, and versatility. Recoil management, on the other hand, was a piece of cake. Of course, there are still Glock haters and people who don’t like the adjustments. But for some shooters, as long as it is a ‘Glock’, it will be a fine gun.

What sets the Glock 19X apart? This model comes with two reversed 19-round magazines and one 17-round magazine. The trigger pull is lighter than a standard 19. It also features a lanyard loop and standard night sights. The most noticeable change is the coyote tan color. Although the Glock 19X is bulky and challenging to conceal, it remains a competitive firearm suitable for various applications.

In terms of performance, the Glock 19X is impressive. I tested it with several 9mm rounds, and it proved to be highly accurate, handling a range of bullet types, including hollow points, effectively.

One of the standout features of the G19X is the snappy and smooth Gen 5 trigger. The Gen 5 trigger includes a dual lock block pin assembly and a modified trigger bar. Additionally, the safety plunger has been redesigned to facilitate a smoother trigger pull.

Glock 26

Here we have Glock’s double-stack subcompact 9mm, the Model 26. It’s a popular backup gun among law enforcement officers and a top choice for civilian concealed carriers. With a height of just over four inches, this firearm is easily concealable in an IWB holster. The height of a gun is crucial for concealed carry, particularly when worn inside the waistband.

A taller gun tends to be harder to conceal because the grip frame can print or stick out from under your clothing. That’s why compact and subcompact models often come with flush-fit magazines and sometimes an extended one for backup. Most users carry the flush-fit magazine in the gun and keep the extended one as a spare. Generally, the shorter the height of the gun, the easier it is to conceal, which is why the Model 26’s compact design makes it so popular.

Glock still makes the 26 in Gen3, along with Gen4 and Gen5. This model is notable for its versatility, as it can use the widest range of Glock 9mm magazines—eight in total. While the standard capacity of the Model 26 is ten rounds, it is compatible with magazines holding up to thirty-three rounds. This adaptability is a significant draw for many users. They appreciate the concealability of the Model 26 and the option to use larger magazines when needed, effectively providing the best of both worlds.

Glock 34

The Model 34 is designed for long-range precision, equipped with the longest barrel Glock offers for a 9mm pistol, measuring 5.3 inches. This model is a staple in competitions that demand accuracy over longer distances and is also favored by SWAT teams. The extended barrel contributes to maintaining higher velocity, but the key to its accuracy lies in the approximately 7.5-inch sight radius between the front and rear sights. A longer sight radius enhances practical accuracy, and this is a significant advantage over the shorter 5.3-inch sight radius found on the Model 26.

While these two models serve different purposes, the comparison highlights the substantial difference in barrel length and sight radius. Generally speaking, a shooter will achieve better accuracy from 50-100 yards with the Model 34 compared to a shorter-barreled gun with a shorter sight radius.

The fact that Glock sells a significant number of these pistols indicates their effectiveness. When it comes to intrinsic accuracy—the gun’s ability to shoot accurately on its own without human intervention—many Glock 9mm models demonstrate impressive performance at a distance. For example, placing a Model 19 in a Ransom Rest and testing it at 50 yards will reveal its inherent accuracy. However, practical accuracy—how well a shooter can perform while holding and shooting the gun—is where the longer sight radius makes a difference. As mentioned earlier, a greater distance between the sights generally enhances practical accuracy, helping shooters achieve better results.

The Model 34 is available only in Gen4 and Gen5 versions. Both of these generations offer the MOS variant, which significantly enhances the gun’s already impressive accuracy. With a high-quality optic mounted on the MOS-equipped Model 34, you can achieve exceptional precision, making it highly effective for long-range shooting. As mentioned earlier, the Model 34 excels at delivering pinpoint accuracy “way out there!”

Glock 43

Here we have Glock’s only single-stack 9mm, the Model 43. Despite its compact size, which allows it to fit comfortably in a pocket, this gun can deliver 6 + 1 rounds quickly and accurately. Weighing in at about 21 ounces with a loaded magazine, it’s a firearm you can carry all day without much notice.

A friend of mine, who is on a local police force, traded his Beretta for a Model 43. He mentioned that he had some trigger work done, but otherwise kept modifications to a minimum. He carries it every day, and I’ve had the opportunity to shoot with him and his partner at my backyard range. To say that I wouldn’t want to be on the receiving end of his Model 43’s muzzle is an understatement—he is highly skilled with it, thanks to his frequent practice.

If you’re considering a primary concealed carry weapon or a backup, the Model 43 is an excellent choice. Currently, it’s only available in one version—you won’t find a Gen5 variant—but it’s effective as is. Pairing a Model 43 with a couple of extra magazines will have you well-prepared. As mentioned, carrying this gun in your pocket is feasible, making it a practical option for concealed carry. It’s the only 9mm Glock I know of that fits comfortably in a pocket, unlike the Model 42 .380, which can also be pocket-carried but is not a 9mm. As mentioned, carrying this gun in your pocket is feasible, making it a practical option for concealed carry. It’s the only 9mm Glock I know of that fits comfortably in a pocket, unlike the Model 42 .380, which can also be pocket-carried but is not a 9mm.

My police officer friend Austin tells me he loves the little gun, as do many police officers who carry them in pockets, on their ankles, inside their waistbands, or anywhere else. It’s the de facto designated go-to backup gun for law enforcement personnel and that is recommendation enough for others to carry it as their main CCW.

Glock 45

Here is the latest gun that Glock has released, as of this writing. Utilizing the 19X’s long frame and shorter slide and barrel, this brand-new gun has at least one design feature that shooters are applauding – Glock did away with the cut-out at the bottom front of the grip frame. Glock took its 19X, which was already partially modified with some Gen5 upgrades, and produced it in black. There isn’t a whole of information out there right now about the Model 45, but what is available is positive. For those of you who want a black Model-17-frame coupled with a black Model-19-slide/barrel, this is for you. I have a feeling that Glock will sell a lot of these. Read my full Glock 45 review here.

Conclusions

With twenty different 9mm models available, selecting the right Glock pistol can be a complex task. First, consider how you plan to use your new gun: for concealed carry, target shooting, competition, or law enforcement? Your intended use will significantly influence your choice. If you need the gun for multiple purposes, Glock offers a range of options to suit various needs.

Although Glock specializes in pistols and does not produce rifles or shotguns, their extensive experience of over 35 years ensures they have perfected their craft. Whether you spend more or less on a Glock, you can expect consistency and reliability. Just like the Chevy Impala, you know what you’re getting with a Glock—dependable performance that meets the high standards of numerous law enforcement agencies, including the FBI. For a closer look at the different models and to help you narrow down your choices, refer to the table below. Enjoy your shooting experience and stay safe!

Want to learn how to safely use your Glock 9mm? Take a look at the training offered by any of the Concealed Carry Organisations. It is not just CCW Insurance they offer!